What makes a sunscreen the best
The best sunscreens balance reliable UV protection, skin-friendly ingredients, and practical usability. Wirecutter evaluates options by SPF level, broad‑spectrum coverage, water resistance, texture, ease of application, and cost. We prioritize formulations with proven filters, stable performance, and tolerability for daily use. This guide translates those criteria into clear picks for face, body, and sensitive skin, with tips on amount, timing, and reapplication that remain relevant across seasons.
How we choose sunscreens
Our methodology focuses on safety, photostability, user experience, and real‑world protection. We review:
- SPF and broad‑spectrum UVA/UVB protection
- Water resistance (40 or 80 minutes)
- Texture, spreadability, and residue
- Compatibility with other skincare and makeup
- Price per ounce and value
- Reapplication practicality
We exclude products with concerning additive ingredients, unreliable testing, or formulations that degrade quickly under heat or sunlight. Our picks reflect what general users can reliably buy and use over time, rather than niche or prescription options.
SPF vs broad spectrum
SPF measures protection against UVB (sunburn) rays; higher numbers add diminishing returns above SPF 30. Broad‑spectrum coverage is essential to guard against UVA, which drives aging and long‑term skin damage. No single number tells the whole story—consistent coating and reapplication matter more than chasing very high SPF values.
Physical (mineral) vs chemical filters
Mineral (physical) sunscreens use zinc oxide or titanium dioxide to scatter UV on contact. They suit sensitive skin and start working immediately. Chemical sunscreens absorb UV and convert it to heat; many require 15–20 minutes to bind to skin. Some people prefer mineral filters for reduced irritation; others prefer lighter, less visible chemical options.
Best overall sunscreens
These picks perform well across protection, texture, cost, and accessibility. Each is a dependable choice for routine use when used correctly.
| Product | Filters | SPF / Water resistance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| CeraVe Hydrating Mineral Sunscreen | Zinc oxide | SPF 50 / 40 min | Fragrance‑free, good for sensitive skin |
| La Roche‑Posay Anthelios Melt‑in Milk | Avobenzone, octocrylene | SPF 60 / 80 min | Light texture, strong UVA/UVB coverage |
| SunBum Sunscreen Lotion | Avobenzone, octisalate | SPF 30 / 80 min | Budget friendly, widely available |
Best for face under makeup
Non‑greasy, easy to layer, and compatible with primers or foundation are key. Look for lightweight lotions or gels with silica or other mattifying ingredients to reduce shine. Avoid heavy creams that pill under silicone‑based products.
- Supergoop! Unseen Sunscreen — silicone‑gel texture, leaves a soft matte finish, applies clear.
- La Roche‑Posay Toleriane Sensitive Fluid — hydrating but not heavy, fragrance‑free for sensitive skin.
- Paulas Choice–SKIN PERFECTING 2% BHA + SPF 15 — option for chemical filter users who prefer salicylic acid combo products (use only if tolerated).
Best for sensitive skin
Mineral-only formulations with minimal extras reduce the chance of reaction. Choose fragrance‑free, dye‑free options with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide as the sole active ingredients.
- CeraVe Hydrating Mineral Sunscreen SPF 50 — simple ingredients, ceramides for barrier support.
- Aveeno Protect + Calm Sensitive Skin SPF 50 — oat + feverfew, good for reactive skin prone to sunburn.
- ThinkSport Safe Sunscreen SPF 50+ — free of many common additives, tested for water resistance.
Best for water and sport activities
For swimming, hiking, or heavy sweating, prioritize 80‑minute water resistance and resilient film‑formers. Apply 15 minutes before exposure and reapply immediately after toweling off.
- Neutrogena Ultra Sheer Dry‑Touch SPF 50+ — water‑resistant, low‑glare finish.
- Blue Lizard SportSun Sensitive SPF 30+ — mineral, high water resistance, less risk of eye sting.
- Colorescience Sunforgettable Total Protection Brush‑On Shield SPF 50 — powder option for reapplication over makeup.
Application and reapplication best practices
Amount, timing, and technique matter more than chasing the highest SPF number:
- Use about 1/4 teaspoon (≈1.25 ml) for the face, and a shot‑glass amount (≈1 oz) for full adult body.
- Apply 15–30 minutes before going outdoors to allow binders to set (especially for chemical filters).
- Reapply every 2 hours, or immediately after swimming, sweating heavily, or towel‑drying.
- Don’t rely on makeup or moisturizer with SPF alone; you’d need impractical volumes to meet labeled protection.
- Combine with hats, shade, and UV‑blocking sunglasses for full protection.
When to choose mineral vs chemical
Your skin and routine dictate the choice:
- Mineral: Works immediately, great for sensitive or rosacea‑prone skin, visible on deeper skin tones unless micronized.
- Chemical: Often lighter and more elegant, may require a few minutes to bind; some newer hybrid filters aim to reduce whitening.
Hybrid products that combine both filter types are increasingly common, offering smoother texture while minimizing some downsides of either alone.
Cost and value considerations
Price per ounce helps compare across sizes; buying larger sizes or subscription options can lower cost over time, but prioritize texture and compatibility you’ll use consistently. Drugstore options often provide excellent value, while high‑end options may offer silkier finishes or added antioxidants. Pick the price point you’re likely to reapply faithfully—protection drops only when use drops.
Bottom line
Wirecutter recommends La Roche‑Posay Anthelios Melt‑in Milk for all‑around reliable protection, CeraVe Hydrating Mineral Sunscreen for sensitive skin, and SunBum for budget‑friendly broad protection. Match the sunscreen to your skin type, use enough, and reapply regularly to get the labeled benefit.